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Tech Paper #1:
Stress Calculations vs. Impact-Tested Pipe/Fittings
ASME B31.5 code requires the use of impact-tested pipe and fittings whenever the pipe temperature is -20°F or lower. There is a caveat in this code, however, that allows the use of standard pipe specifications, provided the stresses do not exceed 40% of the allowable stress.
Tech Paper #2:
Energy Efficiency and Enhanced Performance by Applying Variable Speed Drives to Rotary Screw Compressors
This paper will cover the application of variable speed drives for rotary screw compressors for three reasons. First is energy savings through better part load efficiency. Second is enhanced performance provided by variable speed drives for rapid and precise capacity control. Third, will be sound reduction based upon operation of the compressor at reduced speeds.
Tech Paper #3:
Ammonia as the Sustainable Refrigerant: An Ammonia-Freon Comparison
Owners of refrigerated distribution centers and cold storage facilities frequently ask refrigeration design engineers a common question: "Should our facility utilize an ammonia or Freon refrigeration system?" In order to properly answer the question of which system type is the best choice, an owner should make a more comprehensive comparison of the alternatives based on a Life Cycle Cost Analysis. Additional items that should enter into this evaluation include the purchase or lease facility, new or existing facility, future expansion considerations and refrigeration system costs.
Tech Paper #4:
Saving Energy Using Variable Frequency Drives Applied to Screw Compressors and Reciprocating Compressors
With energy prices on the rise, more emphasis is being placed on improving the operating efficiency of industrial refrigerating systems with the focus being on the largest energy users, the compressors. As a result, the use of variable speed drives to control the capacity of screw compressors is becoming more popular. However, the use of a speed controlled screw may not be the best solution as the potential efficiency gains are influenced by many external factors. This paper will analyze and compare those factors and their impact on energy saving practices being recommended and applied to today's compressor installations.
Tech Paper #5:
Aircooled NH3 condensers as an alternative to an evaporative condenser
NH3 refrigerating plants are predominantly equipped with evaporative condensers. With increasing costs for water and wastewater and restrictions on the use of chemicals for water treatment in some areas, it may be time to consider air cooled condensers. These issues and the cost of energy are examined in this presentation plus a look at which regions air-cooled condensers might be an alternative to evaporative condensers.
Tech Paper #6:
Incident Investigation: Liquid Hammer resulting in Ruptured Coil
In June 2007 an explosion occurred at a frozen food factory. The incident investigation identified a ruptured coil located in a spiral freezer to be the source of the ammonia leak. It was evident that a vapor propelled liquid slug or liquid hammer generated enough of a pressure spike to cause coil rupture. The results are quite startling and support the fact that a seemingly insignificant system upset can lead to a catastrophic event. The incident investigation also identified a few additional safeguards that could have prevented this incident from happening. The lessons learned from this catastrophic event will hopefully be a wakeup call to the refrigeration industry that changes to our design philosophy are needed.
Tech Paper #7:
Calculating the Quantity of an Ammonia Release
The recent increase in significant ammonia releases coupled with the reporting of releases that are less than 100 pounds requires us to take a new look at how to calculate the quantity of an ammonia release.
Tech Paper #8:
CO2 and NH3 in Tokyo
Designing, permitting and installing a cascade CO2 and NH3 system in a large metropolitan city that has only permitted Halocarbon systems in the past raised some interesting problems.
Workshop #1 Working with OSHA
Why can't we get along with the OSHA inspector? It isn't us against them or at least it shouldn't be. This presentation will review the lessons learned from more than 68 OSHA audits.
Workshop #2 Hydrostatic Relief
This session provides a closer look at the use of hydrostatic relief valves and the regulations that require them in some areas.
Workshop #3 Pump Out Systems
A new look at the advantages of installing pump out systems.
Workshop #4 Mechanical Integrity - Corrosion Session 1
Understanding where to look and how often to inspect for corrosion is thoroughly reviewed in this session.
Workshop #5 Mechanical Integrity - Corrosion Session 2
Providing a plan to insure the mechanical integrity is a natural extension of the corrosion inspection program discussed in Workshop Session #4.
Workshop #6 Trouble-shooting Evaporators
Many annual conference attendees have asked for tips for how to trouble shoot fan / coil evaporators. Here is you chance to find out from an expert.
Workshop #7 DHS Chemical Security
There has been a lot of mis-understanding about the new Homeland Security regulation. An official from the DHS will discuss this new regulation so that you will what you need to do.
Workshop #8 Relief Header Design
This session will provide a spreadsheet and drawing analysis of a simple relief valve outlet piping system. Then more and more relief valves will be added to the system to show how this common practice causes a major redesign of the outlet piping system. Finally, a spreadsheet analysis and drawing of the final piping system design that will meet code will be provided.
Panel #1 Energy Efficiency
Energy efficiency is still a hot topic today even after years and years of success in improving efficiencies. This session will examine some opportunities that still exist to reduce your energy bill.
Panel #2 Machinery Room Design
There are dozens of questions to answer when providing a new or expanded machinery room. This session will examine all those considerations in the light of the new emphasis on reduced ammonia charge system designs.
Panel #3 Education and Training
Finding qualified refrigeration system operators and keeping them trained is the focus of this session.
Panel #4 Gas Detectors
Currently there are four types of gas detectors available in today's market: solid state, infrared, catalytic and electro-mechanical. Choosing which technology is best for your system and where to install these detectors will the focus of this session.
Panel #5 Research and Innovation
This session will update you on the latest IIAR sponsor research projects and present interesting ammonia refrigeration systems used in Saudi Arabia and ammonia waste heat recovery systems.
Panel #6 Codes and Standards
This session will update the changes in codes and standards in the US and throughout the world.
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