Benefit of Ammonia Heat Pump Implementation in the Industry

Benefit of Ammonia Heat Pump Implementation in the Industry and for District Heating (2022) - Over the last 15 years the market for high-temperature ammonia heat pumps has been growing in Europe and now it is also taking off in North America. That period in Europe has yielded many lessons as higher pressure and temperature present new challenges in refrigerant design. This paper explains where heat pump installation differs from refrigeration installation through three case studies of installations in Europe. The favorable thermodynamic properties of ammonia and good system design lead to high efficiency and short payback, which the three cases will describe. With many heat pumps being installed into the district heating market new challenges also arise regarding ammonia handling and safety as the installations are now closer to the public than traditional industrial settings for ammonia refrigeration systems. The paper will describe how these challenges have been overcome. With the phasedown of fluorinated greenhouse gases (F gases), incentives to go for natural refrigerants for these solutions have increased, and as this paper shows financial and environmental incentives to employ ammonia heat pumps are also large.
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