Transcritical CO2 Compressors: Technical Challenges

Transcritical CO2 Compressors: Technical Challenges in Industrial Refrigeration Applications (2022) - Carbon dioxide (CO2) has today become the standard refrigerant of choice for many applications, often enabling better coefficient of performance (COP) than the previously adopted technologies based on other refrigerants. This trend is progressively leading to both a lower usage of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants and sensible energy expenditure reductions in several industrial sectors [1]. However, specific components and appropriate system design are mandatory when approaching CO2 technology, due to the unique thermodynamic characteristics of this refrigerant. In particular, CO2 transcritical compressors have to be engineered with a “from scratch” approach, this ending in the introduction of many technical solutions pertaining to the automotive sector (e.g., combustion engines). This work deals with and describe the challenges and the technical compressor developments involved with the design of CO2 transcritical compressors with displacements up to 4,412.00 cfh and 160 hp, specifically engineered for industrial refrigeration applications.
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