Machinery Room Ventilation and Ammonia Release

Machinery Room Ventilation and Ammonia Release Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Study (2022) - The ammonia refrigeration industry has a historically good safety record and hence there have been few instances of ammonia release resulting in ignition events. To continue and improve upon safe practice, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling was undertaken in the present study to evaluate the effectiveness of various emergency ventilation designs and emergency ventilation flow rates in protecting against accidental ammonia releases in ammonia refrigeration machinery rooms. The study was specifically limited to only consider ammonia releases from full-bore ¾"" diameter line failures containing: 1) high temperature, high pressure liquid (i.e., saturated liquid); 2) low temperature, high pressure liquid (i.e., subcooled liquid); and 3) high pressure vapor (i.e., superheated vapor). The study did not evaluate the rationale behind, nor the likelihood associated with a full-bore ¾"" diameter release, hence, as mentioned above, the study was specifically limited to this condition. Note, while larger hole sizes are possible, they do not arise frequently in this industry.
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